PENGANTAR TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI (ALFORELRI)

PERANGKAT KERAS HARDWARE

Komponen Hardware
◦ Central Processing Unit(CPU)
◦ Media Penyimpanan atau Memory
◦ Input Device (Peralatan Input)
◦ Output Device (Peralatan Output)
◦ Communication Device (Peralatan Komunikasi)

Central Processing Unit (CPU)
◦ Komponen CPU :
Control Unit
Arithmatic Logic Unit  (ALU)

Machine Cycle (Siklus Mesin)
◦ Fetch
◦ Decode
◦ Execute
◦ Store
◦ Communication Device (Peralatan Komunikasi)

Faktor Penentu Kemampuan Prosesor:
◦ System Clock
◦ Bus Width
 I/O Bus
 Data Bus
◦ Word Size

Jenis Proses :
◦ Serial Processing
◦ Parallel Processing
SIMD (Single Instructin Multiple Data)
MIMD (Multiple Instructin Multiple Data)
◦ Pipeline Processing

Tahapan Proses :
◦ Pengambilan instruksi
◦ Penerjamahan instruksi
◦ Ekseskusi instruksi
◦ Penulisan hasil instruksi

Media Penyimpanan (Storage)
◦ Primary Storage
 RAM (Random Access Memory)
 DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
 SRAM (Static RAM)

PERANGKAT LUNAK SOFTWARE

Sistem Perangkat Lunak
◦ System Control Programs
◦ System Support Program
System Utility Program
 System Performance Monitor
System Security Monitor

Jenis Aplikasi Perangkat Lunak
◦ Proprietary Application Software
◦ Off the shelf Application Software


Permasalahan Software
◦ Pemilihan dan Penilaian Software
◦ Software Licensing
◦ Software Upgrades
◦ Open Systems
◦ Open Source Software

Bahasa Pemrograman
◦ Bahasa Mesin (Machine Language)
◦ Bahasa Rakitan (Assembly Language)
◦ Bahasa Prosedural (Procedural Language)
◦ Bahasa tidak Prosedural / terprosedure
(Nonprocedural Language)

◦ Bahasa Pemrograman Natural (Natural Language)
◦ Bahasa Pemrograman Virtual
◦ HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
◦ Extensible Markup Language (XML)
◦ Componentware
◦ Virtual Reality Modeling Object
◦ Bahasa Pemrograman Object Oriented